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Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

  • 1.  Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 01-18-2021 11:50 AM

    We'll start with the questions, followed by the verbose narrative behind them:

    1. What free or open-source software do you use? And why? (Particularly looking for CADD options)
    2. If you use proprietary software, have you tried free/open-source alternatives? What were your impressions?
    3. If you have found no suitable free/open-source software alternatives to proprietary programs/platforms, which "camp" or "tribe" do you prefer for your needs, and why? (AutoCAD Civil 3D vs. Microstation vs. Carlson Civil vs. SketchUp, for example.)

    There are often discussions or debates about which software programs are better for certain purposes or functions. For example, AutoCAD Civil 3D vs Microstation, or PCSWMM vs. HEC-GeoRAS, or TR-55 vs. HEC-HMS, or… you get the idea. Largely, these comparisons are between software programs that are within the same general category, 'paid, proprietary' or 'free, publicly available'. I'm interested in getting some discussion going about free or very cheap, preferably open-source software.

    There are many reasons why someone might want open-source software as opposed to proprietary software, including but not limited to:

    • Cost
      • Open-source is free, and developers are compensated largely on donations.
    • Security
      • Open-source means you get to see the code, so there's no "funny business" behind the curtain threatening data collection, odd computer resource usage, etc.
    • Customization
      • It is possible to use the source code to build your own software or user interface, or to build add-ons and custom scripts to make it your own.
    • Community
      • There is often a large community of users to help you by sharing their experiences and troubleshooting/problem resolutions.
    • Compatibility/Accessibility
      • No two software programs that claim compatibility are 100% compatible, but at least if you give a client a deliverable (let's say CAD file) in a format usable/readable by free/open-source software, they won't need to pay big money or find a kind friend to help them open/use it.

    I have had a personal fascination with open-source software for the above reasons, largely the first. I'm starting my own business now, and while I would happily continue using AutoCAD Civil 3D and the associated Autodesk programs, the cost ($2,000-2,700/year) is a major overhead expense for a new business with unknown workload and income. This is also just one of many software programs/platforms I'm likely to need. Free alternatives are often barely classifiable as "alternatives" since they don't perform near the same range of functions.

    Anecdote: I had an older MacBook I needed to "refresh" with a format and reinstall. I decided to switch it to a Linux operating system and go open-source with all the software. After the initial installation, all seemed great. Day 2, I had trouble with a basic website because the web browser didn't have whatever it needed to play some basic video. Unlike the mainstream operating systems, it wasn't as simple as "click to install." As I started to research the steps necessary to get my most basic web-browsing to work, I quickly realized I needed more "free" time or computer knowledge than I had. I asked a knowledgeable friend, and he told me a friend once told him "Linux is free, as long as your time is worthless." I reformatted and installed the Mac OS again.



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    Ari Daniels, P.E., M.ASCE
    Outland, LLC - Owner/Principal
    Center for Watershed Protection, Inc. - Water Resources Engineer
    Monterey, Virginia, USA
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  • 2.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 01-19-2021 09:29 AM
    Hi Ari,
    I'll just throw in some names for open source or low cost software that I've used, although they are not CADD related.
    - USEPA SWMM and USACE HEC suite for stormwater modeling, both have very good documentation and discussion groups
    - rapidlasso LAS tools and CloudCompare for spatial data analysis.
    - programming languages (Python and R)
    - once I tried using QGIS for a small task, because I didn't have ArcGIS license, but ended up using a convoluted routine in Excel rather than spending time figuring out the free software. ESRI has good options if you just want to learn their Arc suite software, but the fees are steep for any kind of business use. 

    Generally, in my very brief stint as an independent consultant running a virtual windows machine on MAC, I've realized that I would need to find a good IT person or spend a lot of time figuring these things out. I was also wondering if it's a viable option for several small businesses to share one subscription, since often the software doesn't need to be used all day every day.

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    Natalya Sokolovskaya P.E., M.ASCE
    Wynnewood PA
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  • 3.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 02-04-2021 11:19 AM

    Sorry for the long delay in response! I've been meaning to jump back into Collaborate, but keep allowing other priorities to hold my time. And thank you.

    I've been meaning for a while to spend some dedicated time and energy learning the HEC suite, specifically RAS/GeoRAS and HMS. Ah, time... Abundant in its raw form, rare in its "free" form.

    I've also only played around with QGIS a little, but the learning curve was kind of steep, in good part because I wasn't even really proficient, or literate, in ArcGIS first.

    Your idea for several small/er companies or individuals sharing a license is a GREAT idea. Let's keep that in mind. The fees for some of the software I use in my work are heavy, and only even affordable for the organization I work for part-time because it's non-profit, and the Autodesk AECC suite is $99/year instead of $2,700/year or whatever the "retail" subscription rate is. I couldn't afford as an individual starting a company to have any of the software I normally use.



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    Ari Daniels, P.E., M.ASCE
    Outland, LLC - Owner/Principal
    Center for Watershed Protection, Inc. - Water Resources Engineer
    Monterey, Virginia, USA
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  • 4.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 01-21-2021 09:53 AM
    EPA SWMM - free, but it pays to understand its bugs by keeping up with release notes and community discussion
    EPA SSOAP - software to separate wet weather and dry weather flow in sewers, used to determine the rainfall derived inflow and infiltration.
    R for programming - great for statistics and (more in my experience) manipulating bulk data repetitively. Packages in R can deprecate over time though, and so some scripts that work for a while may later require some maintenance. 
    Q GIS - I know this software can be used to view shapefiles from other programs like ArcGIS, but I never figured out how to edit in it.
    Google Docs - I realize this is a commonly known option by now, but its not worth forgetting that if you don't want to pay for Office 365, it may be a viable alternative. 
    Slack - if you need a way to collaborate with others while using Google Docs and as such don't have access to Microsoft Teams

    Finally, a few non-engineering softwares, especially since you have your own business and so may need to be your own boss and marketing director as well.

    Asana - browser app - free task scheduler which I really like to use to help stay organized and not forget about small tasks that only occur periodically
    Davinci Resolve - free, pretty powerful video editor.
    Gimp - free alternative to Photoshop
    Audacity - free audio editor

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    Christopher Seigel P.E., M.ASCE
    Civil Engineer
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  • 5.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 02-04-2021 11:19 AM
    Thanks!

    I've used SWMM a bit. It's finicky, but great. I just need more practice. There's usually some little thing I'm missing, making either the whole model not work, or making everything orders of magnitude too high or low. The devil's in the details.

    Never even heard of SSOAP! I'll check that out.

    Google Docs, I hate. I've used it, and a lot of folks do when free/cross-platform collaboration software is required. But I really hate Google Docs. Could just be me not knowing optimal practices.

    I'll add that I've used InkScape, an alternative to Adobe Illustrator and other vector-design software. It was pretty good, but my partner (formerly a graphic designer, and proficient user of Illustrator) couldn't figure out the interface.

    For whatever its functions (I've only used it for screen, audio, and video capture, not streaming) are, OBS Studio is free/open source and pretty user-friendly. It appears to be quite actively supported (at least bug fixes and continued development) as well.

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    Ari Daniels, P.E., M.ASCE
    Outland, LLC - Owner/Principal
    Center for Watershed Protection, Inc. - Water Resources Engineer
    Monterey, Virginia, USA
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 01-22-2021 12:43 PM

    I like DesignCAD 3D Max  $150 one-time (2D version is $60) which reads and writes Autocad files.  It started life as a DOS program so it's been around for a while.  Has quite a different interface and design approach, but in a couple of days you get used to it.  I run it on my Mac Pro under Parallels but it needs a lot of resources for decent performance (as does Acad). The 2D version is probably better in this regard.   Here's a link to some native Mac drafting programs but I have no experience with them them.

    Regards / Derm



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    James Wood M.ASCE
    Dermod Wood Assoc. LLC
    Pittstown NJ
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  • 7.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 02-04-2021 11:19 AM
    Thanks! Alternatives - usable, robust alternatives - to AutoCAD Civil 3D has been my biggest issue. Most of the CAD software out there is pretty darn serviceable for 2D drafting, and 3D modeling for things like machine parts, solid objects, and the like. I haven't found anything yet that deals with surfaces and grading the way Civil 3D does, and certainly nothing that handles the volume calculations the way Civil 3D does. SketchUp was actually one of the most intuitive 3D modeling programs I've used, but it's more of the "visual/artistic/architectural" than "engineering" type, based on limited experience.

    Have you used DesignCAD 3D MAX for much civil work? And what are its strengths and weaknesses, in your experience?

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    Ari Daniels, P.E., M.ASCE
    Outland, LLC - Owner/Principal
    Center for Watershed Protection, Inc. - Water Resources Engineer
    Monterey, Virginia, USA
    ------------------------------



  • 8.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source

    Posted 02-04-2021 08:50 AM
    FYI UNESCO-IHE has an excellent free QGIS course for Hydrological applications
    https://ocw.un-ihe.org/course/view.php?id=11/course/view.php

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    Tung Nguyen, PhD
    Water Resources Engineer
    Sacramento, CA
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  • 9.  RE: Software Options/Alternatives – focus on open-source