Integrated Buildings & Structures

I'm involved in the design of twenty story apartment complex in Sri Lanka. It will be consisted of two story basement car parks. Please let me know what guidelines there are for best practice and some important points that should be considered.

------------------------------
Kuranage Akila Nadishan Perera A.M.ASCE
Ja-Ela
0777487220
------------------------------

FOUNDATION DESIGN: SUBSTRUCTURES are situated within the soil, at the point of good bearing capacity, where it is believed that the structures load will not cause shearing within the soil layer. Therefore the essential requirements is as follows:
- Determine the sub-soil investigation, which will provide information on the nature of the soil ground,
- High rise building are usually presented with deep foundation, and the bearing depth within the soil need to be established.
- Calculate the structures load, and the service load unto the foundation.
- Determine the choice of foundation, and design appropriately.

------------------------------
Olusegun Afolabi R.Eng
University of Lagos
Lagos
234803 4248600
------------------------------

You need the soil profile and knowing whether you're designing friction pile or end bearing pile. You might have been involved in installing piers. Since soil profile varies regionally, get guidelines form the (city) where the apartment complex is located. After soil investigation, you know the type of soil and find your interest point. In most cases, it goes up to 2B. After knowing the piles space from the guideline, you get to a vitally important step and that is to make sure to get all your corners.

------------------------------
Sayed Maqsood
Alameda, CA
(510)830-6285
------------------------------

Some general structural design items you need to consider are included but not limited to;
1-Soil pressure (at rest) on the building,
2- Impact load on the columns incase of car accident
3- fire ratings on the structural members (for steel structures)
Of course you should consider climatic and seismic loads too.

------------------------------
Amir Eghtesadi Aff.M.ASCE
Thornhill ON
1416 9852647
------------------------------

Good day to all, the advice given by the two gentlemen are right on point. The first action will have a geotechnical report done on the soil/ ground conditions. Based on the report, this will determine what type of foundation is best suited for your design. However, piling will be the best option to consider.

------------------------------
Malik Daniyel M.ASCE
Project Engineer
Bridgetown
2464354553
------------------------------

Good afternoon, you can have a look at the following document, it gives you good guidance on deep basements.  http://www.gnpgeo.com.my/download/publication/SL_04.pdf

There are many issues that you must consider. A non exhaustive list of them is:

• Stability of neighboring structures. You must engage a geotechnical engineer to determine possible settlements of adjoining structures.
• Ground water level. This has two distinct problems that have to be addressed.
  • Temporary condition:  You might have to pump the water to lower the water table and be able to build. If this is the case, make sure to check that the pumping will not undermine the surrounding areas (the water flow in the ground could remove fine soil-particles and cause settlement).  Also, this would be a point to consider in choosing temporary retaining wall systems (if these are needed).
  • Permanent condition.  This will determine the type of wall/ground-slab you will need in order to prevent the ingress of water into the building.  Also, be sure to check that the self weight of the building is sufficient to prevent the structure from "floating", you might need heavier floor slab of even tension piles to counteract the uplift that the ground water could impose one the structure.
• Head-height clearance of structure.  Although this is something that is not directly the responsibility of the engineer (at least not in my neck of the woods), it is a good idea to provide the architect early on the expected depth of beams, that will ensure that minimum clearances are observed. This will prevent problems later on.

I hope this helps you, if you have any comment or query please do not hesitate to contact me.

Regards,

------------------------------
Raul Jimenez C.Eng
Self Employed
Costa Rica
rjimenez@...
------------------------------

Thank you very much you all

------------------------------
Kuranage Akila Nadishan Perera A.M.ASCE
Sri Lanka
------------------------------

Original Message:
Sent: 05-24-2019 18:52
From: Raul Jimenez
Subject: Guideline for deep foundation and basement design

Good afternoon, you can have a look at the following document, it gives you good guidance on deep basements.  http://www.gnpgeo.com.my/download/publication/SL_04.pdf

There are many issues that you must consider. A non exhaustive list of them is:

• Stability of neighboring structures. You must engage a geotechnical engineer to determine possible settlements of adjoining structures.
• Ground water level. This has two distinct problems that have to be addressed.
  • Temporary condition:  You might have to pump the water to lower the water table and be able to build. If this is the case, make sure to check that the pumping will not undermine the surrounding areas (the water flow in the ground could remove fine soil-particles and cause settlement).  Also, this would be a point to consider in choosing temporary retaining wall systems (if these are needed).
  • Permanent condition.  This will determine the type of wall/ground-slab you will need in order to prevent the ingress of water into the building.  Also, be sure to check that the self weight of the building is sufficient to prevent the structure from "floating", you might need heavier floor slab of even tension piles to counteract the uplift that the ground water could impose one the structure.
• Head-height clearance of structure.  Although this is something that is not directly the responsibility of the engineer (at least not in my neck of the woods), it is a good idea to provide the architect early on the expected depth of beams, that will ensure that minimum clearances are observed. This will prevent problems later on.

I hope this helps you, if you have any comment or query please do not hesitate to contact me.

Regards,

------------------------------
Raul Jimenez C.Eng
Self Employed
Costa Rica
<maskemail>rjimenez@...</maskemail>
------------------------------

For 2 level basements, the in and out pathways must be double ensure to be adequate for vehicles movements . Retaining wall can be of 50 cm thickness and strengthen with columns. 

CEng; Alex Thomas BSc AMIE civ FIE MASCE 

------------------------------
Alex Thomas R.Eng, C.Eng, M.ASCE
Senior Site Engineer
Geo Structurals Pvt Ltd
CochinAlexThomasR.Eng, C.Eng, M.ASCEIndia
------------------------------

Immediate thought is IBC -

international building codes geotech

The IBC code requires that each project have a geotechnical report; however, the building official can waive the requirement for the geotechnical report if certain soils data is available from an adjacent project (Exception in IBC chapter 18, section 1803.2).

------------------------------
Len Andersen Engineer 
------------------------------